My own miscomprehension (for translation)

Thanks to #rfp for pointing out.

#ambiguity

My initial only reaction: This is someone trying hard (making effort; doing a project) to malign/find fault with aspartame.

#paste/b
cn.nytimes

世卫组织称阿斯巴甜可能致癌,这意味着什么

The W.H.O. Says Aspartame Is ‘Possibly Carcinogenic.’ What Does That Mean?

DANI BLUM
2023年7月14日

On Thursday, two World Health Organization agencies released their findings on aspartame, the artificial sweetener found in thousands of sugar-free products like diet sodas, chewing gums, yogurts and energy drinks.

周四,世界卫生组织的两个机构公布了他们对阿斯巴甜的研究结果,这是一种人工甜味剂,被用于成千上万的无糖产品中,如无糖汽水、口香糖、酸奶和能量饮料。

The organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer classified aspartame as possibly carcinogenic to humans. A separate group, the Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives, said that there was not convincing evidence of a link between aspartame and cancer in humans and that people could still safely consume the sweetener in moderate amounts.

世卫组织下属的国际癌症研究机构将阿斯巴甜列为可能对人类致癌的物质。另一个组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会表示,没有令人信服的证据表明阿斯巴甜与人类癌症之间存在联系,人们仍然可以安全地适量摄入这种甜味剂。

The announcement does not mean that aspartame definitively causes cancer, W.H.O. experts said in a news conference; instead, it is a call for additional research into its health effects.

世卫组织专家在新闻发布会上表示,这一声明并不意味着阿斯巴甜一定会导致癌症,而是呼吁对其健康影响进行更多研究。

The W.H.O. is not advising companies to withdraw products that contain aspartame or urging people to stop consuming it altogether, said Dr. Francesco Branca, director of the Department of Nutrition and Food Safety at the agency. “We’re just advising for a bit of moderation,” he said.

世界卫生组织营养与食品安全部门主任弗朗西斯科·布兰卡博士表示,世界卫生组织并不建议公司撤下含有阿斯巴甜的产品,也不会敦促人们完全停止食用阿斯巴甜。“我们只是建议摄入要适度,”他说。

How much aspartame is too much?

多少阿斯巴甜算是过量?

According to the W.H.O., it is safe to consume up to 40 milligrams of aspartame per kilogram of body weight per day. Using diet soda as a measure, the limit means that, by some estimates, a 150-pound person would need to drink more than a dozen cans each day to surpass it.

根据世界卫生组织的数据,每天每公斤体重最多摄入40毫克阿斯巴甜是安全的。以无糖汽水为衡量标准,根据估算,这意味着一个体重68公斤的人每天需要喝十几罐才能超过这个限量。

The Food and Drug Administration is slightly more permissive with its daily safety limit. It states that people can have up to 50 milligrams of aspartame per kilogram of body weight each day.

美国食品和药物管理局(简称FDA)的每日安全限量则稍微宽松一些。它指出人们每天每公斤体重最多可摄入50毫克阿斯巴甜。

An F.D.A. official said agency scientists did not have concerns about the safety of aspartame when the sweetener is used “under the approved conditions.”

一名FDA官员表示,该机构的科学家并不担心“在满足批准的条件下”使用阿斯巴甜的安全性。

“Aspartame being labeled by I.A.R.C. as ‘possibly carcinogenic to humans’ does not mean that aspartame is actually linked to cancer,” the official wrote.

这位官员写道:“国际癌症研究机构将阿斯巴甜标记为‘可能对人类致癌’,并不意味着阿斯巴甜实际上与癌症有关。”

Given the vast quantities of sweetener under discussion, several experts said that consumers should not necessarily worry about the cancer risk of their aspartame consumption. Reaching that upper daily level of aspartame intake “isn’t casual consumption,” said Dr. Dale Shepard, a medical oncologist at the Cleveland Clinic. “This is making a project out of trying to get aspartame.”

鉴于所议甜味剂的使用量之广,几位专家表示,消费者不必担心食用阿斯巴甜的癌症风险。克利夫兰诊所的肿瘤内科医生戴尔·谢泼德博士说,“日常摄入并不会”达到每日阿斯巴甜摄入量上限。“要获取那么多阿斯巴甜没那么容易。”

#paste/e

#gpt
ChatGPT

超过多少量的阿斯巴甜是过量的? 根据世界卫生组织(W.H.O.)的说法,每天摄入阿斯巴甜量应该在体重每公斤40毫克以内是安全的。以含阿斯巴甜的饮料为例,根据一些估算,一个150磅(约68公斤)的人每天需要喝超过一打以上的罐装饮料才能超过安全限量。

超过多少量的阿斯巴甜是过量的?尽管该公告引起了人们对阿斯巴甜的担忧,但世界卫生组织的另一个机构表示,人们仍然可以安全地适量食用人工甜味剂。根据世界卫生组织的说法,每天摄入阿斯巴甜量应该在体重每公斤40毫克以内是安全的(根据一些估算,对于一个150磅的人来说,这相当于超过一打罐装饮料)。

阿斯巴甜和癌症之间的关联有多少证据?对阿斯巴甜进行的新分类是基于有限的证据,这些证据将这种人工甜味剂与人类肝癌联系起来。目前还没有足够的证据表明阿斯巴甜可以引起其他类型的癌症,专家也不确切知道这种甜味剂是如何导致癌症的。

还有其他更好的含甜饮料选择吗?市场上有几种人工甜味剂,但很少有长期数据可用。人们对赤藓糖醇与心血管问题的潜在联系进行了审查。一些健康专家建议从饮食中完全淘汰人工甜味剂。

世界卫生组织还将其他一些物质列为可能的致癌物。阿斯巴甜被归类为“可能对人类致癌物”,该组别包括数百种食物、病毒、化学物质、职业暴露等。某些腌制蔬菜、感染某些类型的人乳头瘤病毒以及从事干洗工作都属于同一世界卫生组织类别。

食品药品监督管理局在每日安全限量方面相对宽松一些。该机构表示,人们每天可以摄入体重每公斤50毫克的阿斯巴甜。

一位食品药品监督管理局官员表示,当阿斯巴甜在“经批准条件下使用时”,该机构的科学家对阿斯巴甜的安全性没有顾虑。

针对正在讨论的大量甜味剂,一些专家表示,消费者不一定需要担心他们摄入阿斯巴甜会增加患癌风险。克利夫兰诊所的医学肿瘤学家戴尔·谢帕德博士表示,达到每天摄入阿斯巴甜的上限“不是随便消费”,“这是将阿斯巴甜作为一个项目来消耗。”